The application of fermentation technology in the field of biopesticides and fertilizers is mainly reflected in the production of biopesticides, the preparation of biofertilizers and the development of soil conditioners. The following are the specific descriptions:

1. Production of biopesticides

Pesticides of microbial origin: through fermentation technology, certain microorganisms or their metabolites can be utilized to produce biopesticides. For example, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely used pesticide of microbial origin that kills pests by producing companion spore crystal proteins. This type of biopesticide has the advantages of high efficiency, specificity and environmental friendliness.

Plant-derived pesticides: Fermentation technology has also been used to extract active ingredients from plants, such as pyrethrins, which can be used as biopesticides and are characterized by low toxicity and easy degradation.

Application of genetic engineering: Genetic engineering techniques are used to genetically modify pesticide-derived plants or microorganisms, which can optimize product quality and increase yields. For example, genetically modified microorganisms bred by genetic engineering can synthesize toxin-causing substances in the body and be used as biopesticides to control plant diseases and pests.

2. Preparation of bio-fertilizers

Organic Fertilizer: Fermentation technology can convert organic matter such as agricultural waste and livestock manure into highly efficient organic fertilizer. This kind of fertilizer can provide nutrient supply and also improve soil structure, increase soil water retention and fertility.

Bio-fertilizer additives: beneficial microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, are added to bio-fertilizers prepared through fermentation technology, which are able to multiply in the soil, increase the number and diversity of soil microorganisms, and help to improve the soil structure.

Specific Functional Fertilizers: For the needs of specific crops, bio-fertilizers with specific functions can be prepared through fermentation technology, such as humic acid fertilizers, cake meal detoxification, etc., which are able to meet the special needs of crop growth.

3. Development of soil conditioner

Improve soil structure: Fermentation technology can prepare soil conditioners that can improve soil structure, such as organic fertilizers prepared through aerobic or anaerobic fermentation, which can increase the number and diversity of soil microorganisms and help improve soil structure.

Improve soil nutrient supply capacity: Organic fertilizers prepared by fermentation technology can provide nutrient supply, and can also improve the soil's nutrient supply capacity through the metabolic activities of microorganisms.

Promote crop growth: Bio-fertilizers and soil conditioners prepared by fermentation technology can provide nutrients, and can also promote the growth rate and yield of crops by improving the soil environment.

Overall, the application of fermentation technology in the field of bio-pesticides and fertilizers not only improves the efficiency and quality of agricultural production, but also contributes to environmental protection and sustainable development. With the progress of science and technology and the depth of research, the application of fermentation technology in these two fields will be more extensive and in-depth.